Glossary · System coordination, integration and orchestration
Function allocation
Also known as: functional allocation
German: Funktionszuordnung
In systems engineering, function allocation is the assignment of system functions to the elements that will perform them, such as hardware, software, people or external systems, as part of architecture definition.
- System integration
In one sentence
Function allocation assigns system functions to the hardware, software, people or external systems that will perform them.
Example
In a filling machine concept, the function “detect missing cap” is allocated to a camera system, while “decide on rejection” is allocated to the machine PLC.
How it applies
- Systems engineering: Allocation turns a Functional architecture into a physical or logical one. It drives interface definition: every function split across elements creates an interface between them.
- Human factors: Allocating functions between machines and people should consider workload, attention and skills. A function allocated to an operator must be supported by displays, training and instructions.
- Documentation: Allocations determine which documentation is needed. Functions allocated to people need instructions in the manual; functions allocated to software need specification and test. In SysML models, allocations are recorded with an Allocation relationship.
Function allocation vs. responsibility assignment
Function allocation assigns technical functions to system elements. Responsibility assignment assigns organizational responsibilities to roles or parties. Both should be traceable to the same requirements so that gaps become visible early.